HISTORY OF OUR NATIONAL FLAG

Unofficial flag of India in 1906

The first national flag in India is said to have been hoisted on August 7, 1906, in the Parsee Bagan Square (Green Park) in Calcutta now Kolkata. The flag was composed of three horizontal strips of red, yellow and green.

The Berlin committee flag, first raised by Bhikaiji Cama in 1907

The second flag was hoisted in Paris by Madame Cama and her band of exiled revolutionaries in 1907 (according to some inl9OS). This was very similar to the first flag except that the top strip had only one lotus but seven stars denoting the Saptarishi. This flag was also exhibited at a socialist conference in Berlin.

The flag used during the Home Rule movement in 1917

The third flag went up in 1917 when our political struggle had taken a definite turn. Dr. Annie Besant and Lokmanya Tilak hoisted it during the Home rule movement. This flag had five red and four green horizontal strips arranged alternately, with seven stars in the saptarishi configuration super-imposed on them. In the left-hand top corner (the pole end) was the Union Jack. There was also a white crescent and star in one corner.
 

The flag unofficially adopted in 1921
 

During the session of the All India Congress Committee which met at Bezwada in 1921 (now Vijayawada) an Andhra youth prepared a flag and took it to Gandhiji. It was made up of two colours-red and green-representing the two major communities i.e. Hindus and Muslims. Gandhiji suggested the addition of a white strip to represent the remaining communities of India and the spinning wheel to symbolise progress of the Nation.

The flag adopted in 1931. This flag was also the battle ensign of the Indian National Army

The year 1931 was a landmark in the history of the flag. A resolution was passed adopting a tricolor flag as our national flag. This flag, the forbear of the present one, was saffron, white and green with Mahatma Gandhi's spinning wheel at the center. It was, however, clearly stated that it bore no communal significance and was to be interpreted thus.
 

The present Tricolour flag of India

On July 22, 1947, the Constituent Assembly adopted it as Free India National Flag. After the advent of Independence, the colours and their significance remained the same. Only the Dharma Charkha of Emperor Asoka was adopted in place of the spinning wheel as the emblem on the flag. Thus, the tricolour flag of the Congress Party eventually became the tricolour flag of Independent India.

Colours of the Flag:
In the national flag of India the top band is of Saffron colour, indicating the strength and courage of the country. The white middle band indicates peace and truth with Dharma Chakra. The last band is green in colour shows the fertility, growth and auspiciousness of the land. 

The Chakra:
This Dharma Chakra depicted the "wheel of the law" in the Sarnath Lion Capital made by the 3rd-century BC Mauryan Emperor Ashoka. The chakra intends to show that there is life in movement and death in stagnation.

The Do's:

• The National Flag may be hoisted in educational institutions (schools, colleges, sports camps, scout camps, etc.) to inspire respect for the Flag. An oath of allegiance has been included in the flag hoisting in schools.

• A member of public, a private organization or an educational institution may hoist/display the National Flag on all days and occasions, ceremonial or otherwise consistent with the dignity and honour of the National Flag.

• Section 2 of the new code accepts the right of all private citizens to fly the flag on their premises.

The Don'ts

• The flag cannot be used for communal gains,drapery, or clothes. As far as possible, it should be flown from sunrise to sunset, irrespective of the weather.

• The flag cannot be intentionally allowed to touch the ground or the floor or trail in water. It cannot be draped over the hood, top, and sides or back of vehicles, trains, boats or aircraft.

• No other flag or bunting can be placed higher than the flag. Also, no object, including flowers or garlands or emblems can be placed on or above the flag. The tricolour cannot be used as a festoon, rosette or bunting.

AIRPORT CODES OF INDIA

IXA - Agartala, Tripura
AGX - Agatti Island, Lakshadweep Islands
AGR - Agra, Uttar Pradesh
AMD - Ahmedabad, Gujarat
AJL - Aizawl, Mizoram
AKD - Akola, Maharashtra
IXD - Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh
IXV - Along, Arunachal Pradesh
ATQ - Amritsar, Punjab
QNB - Anand, Gujarat
IXU - Aurangabad, Maharashtra
IXB - Bagdogra, Siliguri, West Bengal
RGH - Balurghat, West Bengal
BLR - Bangalore, Karnataka
IXG - Belgaum, Karnataka
BEP - Bellary, Karnataka
BUP - Bhatinda, Punjab
BHU - Bhavnagar, Gujarat
BHO - Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh
BBI - Bhubaneshwar, Orissa
BHJ - Bhuj, Gujarat
BKB - Bikaner, Rajasthan
PAB - Bilaspur, Madhya Pradesh
BDI - Bird Island (Chidiya Tapu/Chiriya Tapu), Andaman and Nicobar Islands
BOM - Mumbai (Bombay), Maharashtra
CCU - Kolkata (Calcutta), West Bengal
CCJ - Kozhikode (Calicut), Kerala
CBD - Car Nicobar, Andaman and Nicobar Islands
IXC - Chandigarh
MAA - Chennai (Madras), Tamil Nadu
COK - Kochi (Cochin), Kerala
CJB - Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu
COH - Cooch Behar, West Bengal
CDP - Cuddapah, Andhra Pradesh
NMB - Daman
DAE - Daparizo, Arunachal Pradesh
DAI - Darjeeling, West Bengal
DED - Dehradun, Uttaranchal
DEL - Delhi
DBD - Dhanbad, Jharkhand
DHM - Dharamshala, Himachal Pradesh
DIB - Dibrugarh, Assam
DMU - Dimapur, Nagaland
DIU - Diu
QNF - Faridabad, Haryana
GAU - Guwahati (Gauhati), Assam
GAY - Gaya, Bihar
GOI - Goa
GOP - Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh
GUX - Guna, Madhya Pradesh
GWL - Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh
HSS - Hissar, Haryana
HBX - Hubli, Karnataka
HYD - Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh
IMF - Imphal, Manipur
IDR - Indore, Madhya Pradesh
JLR - Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh
JGB - Jagdalpur, Chhattisgarh
JAI - Jaipur, Rajasthan
JSA - Jaisalmer, Rajasthan
IXJ - Jammu, Jammu & Kashmir
JGA - Jamnagar, Gujarat
IXW - Jamshedpur, Bihar
PYB - Jeypore, Orissa
JDH - Jodhpur, Rajasthan
JRH - Jorhat, Assam
IXH - Kailashahar, Tripura
IXQ - Kamalpur, Tripura
IXY - Kandla, Gujarat
KNU - Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh
IXK - Keshod, Gujarat
HJR - Khajuraho, Madhya Pradesh
IXN - Khowai, Tripura
KLH - Kolhapur, Maharashtra
KTU - Kota, Rajasthan
KUU - Kulu, Himachal Pradesh
IXL - Leh, Jammu & Kashmir
IXI - Lilabari (North Lakhimpur), Assam
LKO - Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh
LUH - Ludhiana, Punjab
MAA - Chennai (Madras), Tamil Nadu
IXM - Madurai, Tamil Nadu
SEZ - Mahe Island, Union Territory of Pondicherry
LDA - Malda, West Bengal
IXE - Mangalore, Karnataka
MOH - Mohanbari, Assam
MZA - Muzaffarnagar, Uttar Pradesh
MZU - Muzaffarpur, Bihar
MYQ - Mysore, Karnataka
NAG - Nagpur, Maharashtra
NDC - Nanded, Maharashtra
ISK - Nasik, Maharashtra
QNW - Nawanshahar, Punjab
NVY - Neyveli, Tamil Nadu
OMN - Osmanabad, Maharashtra
DBL - Dabolim, Panaji, Goa
PGH - Pantnagar, Uttaranchal
IXT - Passighat (East Siang), Arunachal Pradesh
IXP - Pathankot, Punjab
PAT - Patna, Bihar
PNY - Pondicherry
IXZ - Port Blair, Andaman and Nicobar Islands
PNQ - Pune, Maharashtra
PBD - Porbandar, Gujarat
BEK - Puttaparthi, Andhra Pradesh
PUT - Rae Bareli, Uttar Pradesh
RPR - Raipur, Chhattisgarh
RJA - Rajahmundry, Andhra Pradesh
RAJ - Rajkot, Gujarat
RJI - Rajouri, Jammu & Kashmir
RMD - Ramagundam, Andhra Pradesh
IXR - Ranchi, Jharkhand
RTC - Ratnagiri, Maharashtra
REW - Rewa, Madhya Pradesh
RRK - Rourkela, Orissa
RUP - Rupsi, Assam
TNI - Satna, Madhya Pradesh
SHL - Shillong, Meghalaya
SSE - Sholapur, Maharashtra
IXS - Silchar, Assam
SLV - Shimla, Himachal Pradesh
SXR - Srinagar, Jammu & Kashmir
STV - Surat, Gujarat
TEZ - Tezpur, Assam
TEI - Tezu, Arunachal Pradesh
TJV - Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu
TRZ - Tiruchirapally, Tamil Nadu
TIR - Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh
TRV - Thiruvanathapuram (Trivandrum), Kerala
TCR - Tuticorin, Tamil Nadu
UDR - Udaipur, Rajasthan
BDQ - Vadodara (Baroda), Gujarat
VNS - Varanasi (Benaras), Uttar Pradesh
VGA - Vijayawada, Andhra Pradesh
VTZ - Vishakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh
VIZ - Vizag, Andhra Pradesh
WGC - Warangal, Andhra Pradesh
ZER - Zero, Arunachal Pradesh

OPTICAL ILLUSIONS

MUMBAI

Area	440 sq. kilometers / 170 sq. Miles
Coastal Length	140 kms
Altitude	8 meters average
Population	18 million, projected to reach 28.5 million by 2020
Location	Mumbai lies on the western coast of India, in Maharashtra state
Longitude	18.96°N
Latitude	72.82°E
Climate	Summer - 35°C to 23°C Winter - 29°C to 19°C Monsoon - between June and Sept, annual rain 2,200 mm
Best time to visit	October - February
Airport	Sahar/Chhatrapati Shivaji International Air Port and Santacruz Domestic Airport
Railway Station	Bombay Central Railway Station (Western Railway) Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus (Formerly Victoria Terminus)
Intra-city Transportation	Mumbai Suburban Railway, BEST buses, Taxis, Auto rickshaws, Ferry Services.
Must Visits	Marine Drive, Chowpatty Beach, Hanging Gardens, Crawford Market
Language Spoken	Hindi, Marathi, English
Electricity	220Volts; 50 Hz
Religion	Hinduism, Islam, Christianity, Zoroastrianism, Jainism and Buddhism
STD Code	022
ISD Code	+91 22
Time Zone	5:30 hrs ahead of GMT

FACTS ABOUT SAP

• Founded by five former IBM employees in 1972
• Leading global provider of client/server business software solutions.
• Number one vendor of standard business application software, with a worldwide market share of 31%.
• Fourth-largest independent software supplier in the world.
• Available in 14 languages.
• 34% of SAP's customers worldwide are under $200 million.
• 10 out of the top 10 US companies with the highest market value use SAP Software.
• 8 of the top 10 largest US corporations use SAP software.
• 8 of the top 10 highest profit US companies use SAP software.
• More than 7500 customers in over 90 countries have chosen SAP.
• Reported revenues of DM 6 billion in the most recent fiscal year, a 62-percent increase over 1996 revenues.

BEST IT INTERVIEW @ INFOSYS

Interviewer: Tell me about yourself.

Candidate: I am Rameshwar Kulkarni. I did my Tele Communication engineering from BabanRao Dhole-Patil Institute of Technology.

**Interviewer: BabanRao Dhole-Patil Institute of Technology? I had never heard of this college before!

Candidate: Great! Even I had not heard of it before getting an admission into it ... What happened is - due to cricket world cup I scored badly! in 12th. I was getting a paid seat in a good college. But my father said (I prefer to call him 'baap') - "I can not invest so much of money".(The baap actually said - "I will never waste so much of money on you"). So I had to join this college. Frankly speaking this name - BabanRao Dhole-Patil, can at the most be related to a Shetakari Mahavidyalaya.

**Interviewer: ok, ok. It seems you have taken 6 years to complete your engineering.

Candidate: Actually I tried my best to finish it in 4 years. But you know, these cricket matches and football world cup, and tennis tournaments. It is difficult to concentrate. So I flunked in 2nd and 3rd year. So in all I took

4 + 2 = 7 years.

Interviewer: But 4+2 is 6.

Candidate: Oh, is it? You know I always had KT in maths. But I will try to keep this in mind. 4+2 is 6, good, thanks. These cricket matches really affect exams a lot. I think they should ban it.

**Interviewer: Good to know that you want cricket matches to be banned.

Candidate: No, no... I am talking about Exams!!

Interviewer: Ok, What is your biggest achievement in life?

Candidate: Obviously, completing my Engineering. My mom never thought I would complete it. In fact, when i flunked in 3rd year, she was looking for a job for me in BEST (Bus corporation in Maharashtra) through some relative.

**Interviewer: Do you have any plans of higher study?

Candidate: he he he.. Are you kidding? Completing 'lower' education itself was so much of pain!!

**Interviewer: Let's talk about technical stuff. On which platforms have you worked?

Candidate: Well, I work at SEEPZ, so you can say Andheri is my current platform. Earlier I was at Vashi center. So Vashi was my platform then. As you can see I have experience of different platforms! (Vashi and Andheri are the places in Mumbai)

**Interviewer: And which languages have you used?

Candidate: Marathi, Hindi, English. By the way, I can keep quiet in German, French, Russian and many other languages.

Interviewer: Why VC is better than VB?

Candidate: It is a common sense - C comes after B. So VC is a higher version than VB. I heard very soon they are coming up with a new language VD!

**Interviewer: Do you know anything about Assembly Language?

Candidate: Well, I have not heard of it. But I guess, this is the language our ministers and MPs use in assembly.

Interviewer: What is your general project experience?

Candidate: My general experience about projects is - most of the times they are in pipeline!

**Interviewer: Can you tell me about your current job?

Candidate: Sure, Currently I am working for Bata InfoTech ltd. Since joining BIL, I am on Bench. Before joining BIL, I used to think that Bench was another software like Windows.

Interviewer: Do you have any project management experience?

Candidate: No, but I guess it shouldn't be difficult. I know Word and Excel. I can talk a lot. I know how to dial for International phone call and use speaker facility. And very important - I know few words like - 'Showstoppers ' , 'hotfixes', 'SEI-CMM','quality','versioncontrol','deadlines' , 'Customer Satisfaction' etc. Also I can blame others for my mistakes!

**Interviewer: What are your expectations from our company?

Candidate: Not much.

1. I should at least get 40,000 in hand.
2. I would like to work on a live EJB project. But it should not
have deadlines. I personally feel that pressure affects natural
talent.
3. I believe in flexi-timings.
4. Dress code is against basic freedom, so I would like to wear t-shirt and jeans.
5. We must have sat-sun off. I will suggest Wednesday off also, so as to avoid breakdown due to overwork.
6. I would like to go abroad 3 times a year on short term
preferably 1-2 months) assignments. Personally I prefer US, Australia and Europe. But considering the fact that there is Olympics coming up in China in the current year, I don't mind going there in that period. As you can see I am modest and don't have many expectations. So can I assume my selection?

Interviewer: he he he ha ha ha. Thanks for your interest in our organization. In fact I was never entertained so much before. Welcome to INFOSYS.



**The fellow was appointed in a newly created section 'Stress

Management' in the HRD of Infosys.

 
So Just be urself......u never knw wats ahead of u.......
Be Honest and Original...............true to urself..

WAYS TO ANNOY PEOPLE PART-2

51. Begin all your sentences with "ooh la la!"

52. ONLY TYPE IN UPPERCASE.

53. only type in lowercase.

54. dont use any punctuation either

55. Buy a large quantity of orange traffic cones and reroute whole streets.

56. Pay for your dinner with pennies.

57. Tie jingle bells to all your clothes.

58. Repeat everything someone says, as a question.

59. Write "X - BURIED TREASURE" in random spots on all of someone's roadmaps.

60. Inform everyone you meet of your personal Kennedy assassination/UFO/ O.J Simpson conspiracy theories.

61. Repeat the following conversation a dozen times: "Do you hear that?" "What?" "Never mind, its gone now."

62. Light road flares on a birthday cake.

63. Wander around a restaurant, asking other diners for their parsley.

64. Leave tips in Bolivian currency.

65. Demand that everyone address you as "Conquistador."

66. At the laundromat, use one dryer for each of your socks.

67. When Christmas caroling, sing "Jingle Bells, Batman smells" until physically restrained.

68. Wear a cape that says "Magnificent One."

69. As much as possible, skip rather than walk.

70. Stand over someone's shoulder, mumbling, as they read.

71. Pretend your computer's mouse is a CB radio, and talk to it.

72. Try playing the William Tell Overture by tapping on the bottom of your chin. When nearly done, announce "no, wait, I messed it up," and repeat.

73. Drive half a block.

74. Inform others that they exist only in your imagination.

75. Ask people what gender they are.

76. Lick the filling out of all the Oreos, and place the cookie parts back.

77. Cultivate a Norwegian accent. If Norwegian, affect a Southern drawl.

78. Routinely handcuff yourself to furniture, informing the curious that you don't want to fall off "in case the big one comes".

79. Deliberately hum songs that will remain lodged in co-workers brains, such as "Feliz Navidad", the Archies "Sugar" or the Mr. Rogers theme song.

80. While making presentations, occasionally bob your head. like a parakeet.

81. Lie obviously about trivial things such as the time of day.

82. Leave your Christmas lights up and lit until September.

83. Change your name to "AaJohn Aaaaasmith" for the great glory of being first in the phone book. Claim it's a Hawaiian name, and demand that people pronounce each "a."

84. Sit in your front yard pointing a hair dryer at passing cars to see if they slow down.

85. Chew on pens that you've borrowed.

86. Wear a LOT of cologne.

87. Listen to 33rpm records at 45rpm speed, and claim the faster speed is necessary because of your "superior mental processing."

88. Sing along at the opera.

89. Mow your lawn with scissors.

90. At a golf tournament, chant "swing-batabatabata-suhWING-batter!"

91. Ask the waitress for an extra seat for your "imaginary friend."

92. Go to a poetry recital and ask why each poem doesn't rhyme.

93. Ask your co-workers mysterious questions, and then scribble their answers in a notebook. Mutter something
about "psychological profiles."

94. Stare at static on the TV and claim you can see a "magic picture."

95. Select the same song on the jukebox fifty times.

96. Never make eye contact.

97. Never break eye contact.

98. Construct elaborate "crop circles" in your front lawn.

99. Construct your own pretend "tricorder," and "scan" people with it, announcing the results.

100. Make appointments for the 31st of September.

101. Invite lots of people to other people's parties.

WAYS TO ANNOY PEOPLE PART-1

1. Sing the Batman theme incessantly.

2. In the memo field of all your checks, write "for sensual massage."

3. Specify that your drive-through order is "to go."

4. Learn Morse code, and have conversations with friends in public consisting entirely of "Beeeep Bip Bip Beeep Bip..."

5. If you have a glass eye, tap on it occasionally with your pen while talking to others.

6. Amuse yourself for endless hours by hooking a camcorder to your TV and then pointing it at the screen. <

7. Speak only in a "robot" voice.

8. Push all the flat Lego pieces together tightly.

9. Start each meal by conspicuously licking all your food, and announce that this is so no one will "swipe your grub".

10. Leave the copy machine set to reduce 200%, extra dark, 17 inch paper, 98 copies.

11. Stomp on little plastic ketchup packets.

12. Sniffle incessantly.

13. Leave your turn signal on for fifty miles.

14. Name your dog "Dog." 15. Insist on keeping your car windshield wipers running in all weather conditions "to keep them tuned up."

16. Reply to everything someone says with "that's what YOU think."

17. Claim that you must always wear a bicycle helmet as part of your "astronaut training."

18. Declare your apartment an independent nation, and sue your neighbors upstairs for "violating your airspace".

19. Forget the punchline to a long joke, but assure the listener it was a "real hoot."

20. Follow a few paces behind someone, spraying everything they touch with Lysol.

21. Practice making fax and modem noises.

22. Highlight irrelevant information in scientific papers and "cc:" them to your boss.

23. Make beeping noises when a large person backs up.

24. Invent nonsense computer jargon in conversations, and see if people play along to avoid the appearance of ignorance.

25. Erect an elaborate network of ropes in your backyard, and tell the neighbors you are a "spider person."

26. Finish all your sentences with the words "in accordance with the prophesy."

27. Wear a special hip holster for your
remote control.

28. Do not add any inflection to the end of your sentences, producing awkward silences with the impression that you'll be saying more any moment.

29. Signal that a conversation is over by clamping your hands over your ears.

30. Disassemble your pen and "accidentally" flip the ink cartridge across the room.

31. Give a play-by-play account of a persons every action in a nasal Howard Cosell voice.

32. Holler random numbers while someone is counting.

33. Adjust the tint on your TV so that all the people are green, and insist to others that you "like it that way."

34. Drum on every available surface.

35. Staple papers in the middle of the page.

36. Ask 1-800 operators for dates.

37. Produce a rental video consisting entirely of dire FBI copyright warnings.

38. Sew anti-theft detector strips
into peoples backpacks.

39. Hide dairy products in inaccessible places.

40. Write the surprise ending to a novel on its first page.

41. Set alarms for random times.

42. Order a side of pork rinds with your filet mignon.

43. Instead of Gallo, serve Night Train next Thanksgiving.

44. Publicly investigate just how slowly you can make a "croaking" noise.

45. Honk and wave to strangers.

46. Dress only in clothes colored Hunters Orange.

47. Change channels five minutes before the end of every show.

48. Tape pieces of "Sweating to the Oldies" over climactic parts of rental movies.

49. Wear your pants backwards.

50. Decline to be seated at a restaurant, and simply eat their complimentary mints by the cash register.

INDIAN AIRFORCE PICTURES

TEN HABITS OF AJITH

1) Ajith personally comes to the main entrance to welcome the guests who come to meet him at his residence. When the guest takes leave of him he goes to the entrance to give them the send off.

2) Normally everybody holds the coffee cup in the right hand but Ajith has the habit of holding the cup in his left hand.

3) Ajith will personally supervise the dishes and decorations when he invites his friends or relatives for lunch of dinner.

4) Ajith’s long time is that he never misses the funerals. He will be there till the end and console the concerned people.

5) Ajith has the policy of not phoning his friends or his staffs after 7 pm. Ajith says that it is their personal time and they should not be disturbed.

6) At any point of time, Ajith is a strict follower of traffic rules. Even if it is urgent, he will wait for the signal. Whenever people come to meet him, his first question will be,” Where is the helmet.”

7) The things in his personal room should not be disturbed. He expects that those things should be in the place which he has placed. This will help him to get the material even if it is dark.

8) He will not speak about cinema problems with his family. He does not like cinema to enter when the time is allocated to family.

9) Ajith does not like recommendations. He will not recommend for himself neither he likes for recommending for others.

10) Ajith while phoning to others will ask the person at the other hand if he has time to speak to him. Only if that person can spare the time, than only Ajith will continue his conservation.